Article 20 of The Constitution of India (Original Text):
Protection in respect of conviction for offences.—
(1) No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the Act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence.
(2) No person shall be prosecuted and punished for the same offence more than once.
(3) No person accused of any offence shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.
Explanation-Article 20 of The Constitution of India:
1. Protection Against Retrospective Punishment
No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence. Additionally, no person shall be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence.
2. Protection Against Double Jeopardy
No person shall be prosecuted and punished for the same offence more than once.
3. Protection Against Self-Incrimination
No person accused of any offence shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.
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